Ecosystem is a fundamental organizational unit in which biological communities interact with their non-biological environment through energy flows and material cycles [1]. In terms of fire risk assessment and exposure this could be exposure to fire and/or smoke and secondary effects such as landslides, flooding, and pollution such as that experienced by aquatic ecosystems during and after fires or insect-outbreaks such as bark-beetle.
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Yu, G., Piao, S., Zhang, Y., Liu, L., Peng, J., & Niu, S. (2021). Moving toward a new era of ecosystem science. Geography and Sustainability, 2, 151-162. ↩︎